У статті розглянуто засоби створення гумору в народних
переказах про комічні історії з життя сільської громади, які зазвичай
мають чітку структуру (обрамлення, виклад змісту, авторські
ремарки) і нагадують оповідання літературного походження. Вони
тяжіють до детального опису подій, у них найчастіше комедійною
є сама ситуація. Мовними засобами створення гумору в народних
розповідях є вдалі епітети, слова з експресивним значенням, дієслова
з яскравою конотацією, повтори. Значну роль оповідачі відводять
конфліктному діалогу, іронійному висловлюванню.
The article deals with the means of creating humor in folk tales about
comic stories from rural community life, which usually have a clear
structure (framing, content, author’s remarks) and resemble stories of
literary origin. They tend to have a detailed description of events, and they
often have a comedic situation. Linguistic means of creating humor in folk
tales are successful epithets, words with expressive meaning, verb with
bright connotative meaning, repetitions. The narrators play a significant
role in conflicting dialogue, in an ironic way.
In situational jokes, the nature of the comic is related to the situation
itself, the addressee understands humor not through the interpretation
of linguistic signs, but through the direct perception of an event. The
linguistic elements of such jokes are purely elements of the incident.
They function just like hero actions or dynamic changes. Such linguistic
elements do not create the jokes contained in the joke; they simply convey
to the addressee certain information necessary to create comic potential,
pointing to a particular aspect of the situation without providing assessment
or interpretation.
Oral dialect stories about ridiculous stories from the life of the rural
community have a clear structure (framing, content, author’s notes). These
are narrative narratives in which it is easy to distinguish the cause, the
plot, the action, the climax, the plot that brings them closer to the stories
of literary origin. They tend to give a detailed description of events, the
transmission of the smallest details, they are often comedic in the situation
itself, the event, the behavior of the villager and so on. The means
of expressing humor in folk tales are successful epithets, words with
expressive meaning, verb with bright connotative meaning, repetitions,
description of the appearance of the actor and listeners, paraphrases, etc.
The narrators play a significant role in conflicting dialogue, an ironic
expression that often becomes key and plays a major text-making function.
