Анотація:
Significant progress of the simplest axisymmetric magnetic systems for plasma confinement and heating is
described. Two of such systems are presented in this paper: multi mirror (GOL-3) and gas dynamic (GDT) traps. In the
GOL-3 case the temperatures Te ≈ Е ≈ 2 keV were obtained in a dense (of order of 10²¹m⁻³) plasma and the maximum
value of nIJE ≈ 2·10¹⁸m⁻³s was achieved. Any physical limitations which could prevent from further grow of plasma
parameters did not find out. The most important results obtained in the experiments on GDT are described. A new step
(GDT-U) has been prepared and the first preliminary experiments with quasi-stationary plasma heating have started.
According to calculations, the parameters of the GDT-U should demonstrate the feasibility of “moderate” (0.5 MW/m²)
14 MeV neutron source for structural materials tests of fusion reactor.