Стаття про дослідження трипільського поселення-гіганта біля с. Чичиркозівка (Черкаська
обл.). Розкопано рештки наземного дерев’яно-глинобитного житла, господарську яму та вимостку по-
ряд із будівлею. Розглянуто морфологічні і стилістичні ознаки кераміки. Матеріали відносяться
до другої фази розвитку томашівської локально-хронологічної групи західнотрипільської культури
(етап ВІІІ). Рештки будівлі були перекриті курганом ямної культури.
The Trypillia settlement of Chychyrkozivka is located
on a plateau of the right bank of the Shpolka river.
Its borders are shaped by the creek from the west and
Chychyrkoza river valley from the east.
The settlement was discovered in 1904 by
A. L. Dolynskyi. Small-scale excavations here were
conducted by M. O. Makarenko in 1928. Widely known
collection of surface materials comes from surveys of
I. P. Girnyk. Air-photogrammetry of K. V. Shyshkin
have shown that the structure of this settlement,
which reached a size of nearly 250 ha, included ovals,
semi-arcs and short parallel lines of the houses in the
center. Excavations at this site directed by V. O. Kruts
were conducted in 1984 by the Trypillia expedition of
the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine. Ploschadka composed of several
layers of burned daub, clay installation and pit were
investigated. The house is reconstructed as wattle-anddaub
dwelling with the first floor (soil surface), massive
floor of the second storey (clay with organic admixture
covered the wooden frame) and the floor of the ceiling.
Pottery is represented by kitchen, storage and table
vessels. Table ceramics is decorated with black monochromic
painting. The main forms are the bowls, goblets,
biconical vessels, pear-shaped vessels, amphorae,
craters, pots and binocular-shaped vessels. The main
ornamentation schemes are the comet-shaped, metopic,
tangent, meandr-line, volute, scalloped and simplified-
line schemes. The relatively high percentage of the
meander-line scheme should be admitted.
Analysis of the data makes possible to date this site
to the second phase of Tomashivka local group of Western
Trypillia culture, BIII stage.
Along with the excavations of Trypillia objects, the
kurgan of a diameter reaching c. 30 m and elevation of
0.8 m was excavated. The cenotaph-grave containing
the vessel, which was broken in the remote past, and the
collective burial of three people covered by the wooden
construction and a layer of grass were investigated in
the kurgan. The «central» and the «western» buried individuals
(grave 1) were placed on their back. Legs were
bent at the knees. The «eastern» buried (juvenile) was
placed on his right side. Legs were pursed, and the left
hand was stretched. The buried people were placed on
mats. Also a layer of a brown color, the remains of ochre
and chalk, as well as the fragments of charcoal near the
legs, were traced. The grey-clay vessel discovered in
the collective grave and the pot from cenotaph had an
egg-shaped form. Their bottoms were slightly flattened,
while the rims were turned outside. Flint flake and bone
puncture were also found in the kurgan.
Burials of the Middle Dnipro group of Yamna cultural
complex are also known at other Trypillia mega-sites,
including Maidanetske, Talianky and Dobrovody. Considering
the fact that Chychyrkozivka is referred to the
second phase of Tomashivka local group, the duration
of a hiatus between the Trypillia settlement and Yamna
burials could be estimated at c. 600—700 years.
Yamna burials were spread between the Danube
and Dnipro along with the lost of identity of Cucuteni-
Trypillia population and the decline of this cultural
complex.
