В результаті охоронних розкопок поселення
Вишеньки 1 на Десні досліджені об’єкти київської
культури пізньоримського часу та пам’яток кола
Сахнівки—Волинцева доби раннього середньовіччя.
In 2013, the Livoberezhna Archaeological Expedition
made the rescue excavations at the Vyshenky 1
settlement near the Vyshenky village Korop district of
Chernihiv region. The settlement is located on the edge
of the high right bank of the Desna River. In the excavation
area of 120 m2 more than 20 ancient household
pits, a number of post-holes and the part of building 1.
In addition to some finds of the Bronze Age and Kyiv
Rus the main materials date to the 1st millennium AD.
The lower horizon (building 1, pits 4, 12, 20, 21, 23)
belongs to the Kyiv culture of the Late Roman period.
The building was probably square semi-dwelling house
with a central pillar. Pottery is represented mainly by
pots of weakly profiled and ribbed forms. The flattened
biconical spindle whorls with a large hole, as well as
single fragments of pottery were occurred in the objects.
In addition to fragments of typical Chernyakhiv
pottery, the fragment of a red slip bowl of the second
half of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries,
unique for Desna basin region, was found. Obviously,
this is t the possible final date for the layer of Kyiv
culture.
The upper horizon of the settlement belongs to the
sites of the Sakhnivka-Volyntsevo circle. Pits 6, 17—19,
22 contained the fragments of convex-sided pots with
bent rims, usually ornamented with finger impressions
on the edge, and frying pans. The flattened-rounded
spindle whorls and fragments of clay ovoid blocks belong
to the same period.
The hand-made pottery from sites of the Sakhnivka
type is practically indistinguishable from significant
part of the ceramics of the Volyntsevo culture, so the
pottery of different types which often occurs in complexes
with the hand-made ceramics usually becomes
the diagnostic sign. In Sakhnivka sites there are sometimes
pottery of the Pastyrske type, and in the Volyntsevo
sites dating a little later there are so-called “pots
of the Volyntsevo type”. However, in the settlement
of Vyshenky 1 the household pits of this horizon contained
only hand-made pottery, so it is difficult to draw
a final conclusion about its cultural and chronological
identification.
