О влиянии эдафических факторов на селекционный процесс (из истории селекции вики яровой на Белоцерковской опытно-селекционной станции)

Abstract

Aims. The effectiveness of realization of the selection processes by the Vetch Spring system is clearly dependable on the representativeness of the marks that are obtained during the study of efficiency of selected numbers. The ecological type of the test site and its edaphic characteristics are fundamental for a successful breading. Methods. The Vetch Spring selection results have been analyzed through an 80 year period, in terms of the effects of edaphic factors on the selection process, as a consequence of change of research locations and the intensity of the use of the selected site. Results. As a result of selection process in the periods between 1965–1980 and 1981–2010, in total a 45 year period, 18 grades of Vetch Spring were reanimated out of the 23 that were bred over the 80 year period. After a prolonged use of the breeding sites (more than three rotations of ten-course rotation) the phenomena of depression productivity arises, which leads to the diminishing of the effectiveness of the selection process. Conclusions. To maintain a high level of long term selection research, there is a necessity of alteration of the selection site or a recultivation of the site according to the principles of biological agriculture.

Key words: Vetch Spring, edaphic factors, extensive agriculture, depression of productivity, adaptation potential, recultivation.