Кампанія походу на куркуля в Одеській губернії у 1920 році: організаційні, пропагандистські та репресивні витоки

Abstract

У статті розглянуто комплекс заходів організаційного, пропагандистського та репресивного характеру вжитих більшовицькою владою задля перенесення класової боротьби на село з метою ліквідації куркульства, яке активно протидіяло політиці «воєнного комунізму».

В статье проанализировано комплекс мер организационного, пропагандистского и репресивного характера, которые были задействованы большевистской властью с тем, чтобы привнести классовую борьбу в село с целью ликвидации кулачества, которое активно противостояло политике «военного коммунизма».

The article analyses the organisational, propagandist and repressive campaign “the Assault on Kurkul”.This campaign had to ensure the provision of food to 5-million strong army and the working population of the cities, that had to ensure the victory of proletarian revolution, not only within the borders of the Soviet republics, but also throughout Europe.In order to confiscate grain from kurkuls, the Bolshevik authorities represented by the Hubernski Revolutionary Committee and hubernski bureau of CP(b)U had sent to districts of the Odessa Hubernia workers’ food squads, who were helped by the squads of the Forces of the Internal Security that had been redeployed from Russia specifically for this purpose. Simultaneously, the press began a propagandist campaign, that aimed at inflaming civil war in the villages and assertion of the dictatorship of the most poor peasantry. At the same time ‘kurkuls’ were declared enemies and had to be exterminated in the same way city bourgeoisie was liquidated. For this purpose, the visiting sessions of the Revolutionary Military Tribunal, that had a right to decide on the capital punishment and imprisonment in a concentration camp. In response to the repressive policy an-anti-Bolshevik peasant insurgency movement started to unfold.