У межах археологічної пам'ятки Хрінники (Шанків Яр) досліджено будову голоценової ґрунтової
світи і дюнного комплексу, на основі чого відтворено основні процеси ґрунтоутворення та осадконакопичення впродовж голоцену. Досліджено особливості антропогенної трансформації ґрунтового
покриву на різних часових відрізках. Встановлено стратиграфічне положення кожного культурного
шару відносно генетичних горизонтів полігенетичного голоценового ґрунту та окремих ґрунтових тіл голоценової ґрунтової світи.
A Holocene soil complex has been studied in six sections.
In well-developed sections, a Holocene pedocomplex
consists of five separate soils: a dark-grey forest
soil (Subatlantic period), a dark-grey forest soil (Subboreal),
separated by the Velbar cultural layer; weak
Mollisol with podzolic features (Atlantic period), Sod-
Podzolic soil (Boreal), Cambisol (Preboreal). The gransize
analysis perfomed has confirmed the morphological characteristics of the separate soils of the Holocene
soil complex. The features of relic relief and soil cover in the studied area caused space structure of settlements. On the
Late Pleistocene dune and it slope were located settlements. In the northern part of the river terrace on the
most fertile soils the agricultural lands were situated. During almost entire Holocene in the southern part
of terrace on the dunes pines woods were grows. Investigation of the relic dune near to the archaeological
site showed that two phases sand accumulation were caused by forest clearance (Eneolithic and the early
Middle Age). The stratigraphic position of cultural layers is related
to soil horizons of the pedocomplexes and polygenetic soils. Based on changes in soil morphology in natural
and human-transformed soils, the main evolutionary phases in anthropogenic transformation of elementary
soil processes and soil covers have been revealed, particularly Non-agrarian (Paleolithic — Neolithic), Early
Agrarian (Eneolithic — Early iron age), Transformational (Rome age — Early Middle age), Turbulent
(Slaviс period), Degradation (Poland-Lithuanian period), Geochemical (New and Modern period — XIX—XX centuries).
