Spectroscopy of atomic and molecular defects in solid ⁴He using optical, microwave, radio frequency, magnetic and electric fields (Review Article)

Spectroscopy of atomic and molecular defects in solid ⁴He using optical, microwave, radio frequency, magnetic and electric fields (Review Article)

Moroshkin, P. ; Hofer, A. ; Ulzega, S. ; Weis, A.

Тема: Quantum Liquids and Solids

Інший ID: PACS: 32.30.–r, 32.60.+i, 33.35.+r, 33.50.–j, 67.80.–s, 76.70.Hb

URI: http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/120885

Посилання: Spectroscopy of atomic and molecular defects in solid ⁴He using optical, microwave, radio frequency, magnetic and electric fields (Review Article) / P. Moroshkin, A. Hofer, S. Ulzega, A. Weis // Физика низких температур. — 2006. — Т. 32, № 11. — С. 1297–1319. — Бібліогр.: 82 назв. — англ.

Підтримка: The research work presented above is the fruit of more than a decade of experimental and theoretical efforts carried out by a number of undergraduate students, Ph. D. students, and postdocs, and with the invaluable support of mechanical and electronics technicians and engineers. All their individual contributions are acknowledged. The doctoral thesis works that have emerged from this line of research were presented by Markus Arndt [79] and Stephen Lang [80] at the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitt in Munich, by Taro Eichler [81] at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitt in Bonn and more recently by Daniel Nettels [82], Reinhard M ller-Siebert [20] and Simone Ulzega [66] at the University of Fribourg. One of us (A.W.) acknowledges his colleague and friend Sergei Kanorsky who submitted the original EDM proposal to the Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics and with whom he initiated the first heroic steps of this research. We thank Paul Knowles for his critical reading of the manuscript. The research was funded partly by the individual host institutions and by the national funding agencies in Germany (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) and in Switzerland (Swiss National Science Foundation, SNF). We particularly acknowledge the support of SNF by the grants 21-59451.99, 20-67008.01, and 200020-103864.

Дата: 2006

Завантажень: 375

Spectroscopy of atomic and molecular defects in solid ⁴He using optical, microwave, radio frequency, magnetic and electric fields (Review Article)

Анотація:

A little more than a decade ago our team extended the field of defect spectroscopy in cryocrystals to solid ⁴He matrices, in both their body-centered cubic (bcc) and hexagonally close-packed (hcp) configurations. In this review paper we survey our pioneering activities in the field and compare our results to those obtained in the related fields of doped superfluid helium and doped helium nanodroplets, domains developed in parallel to our own efforts. We present experimental details of the sample preparation and the different spectroscopic techniques. Experimental results of purely optical spectroscopic studies in atoms, exciplexes, and dimers and their interpretation in terms of the so-called bubble model will be discussed. A large part of the paper is devoted to optically detected magnetic resonance, ODMR, processes in alkali atoms. The quantum nature of the helium matrix and the highly isotropic shape of the local trapping sites in the bcc phase make solid helium crystals ideal matrices for high resolution spin physics experiments. We have investigated the matrix effects on both Zeeman and hyperfine magnetic resonance transitions and used ODMR to measure the forbidden electric tensor polarizability in the ground state of cesium. Several unexpected changes of the optical and spin properties during the bcc—hcp phase transition can be explained in terms of small bubble deformations.

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