У статті наголошено, що в процесі повоєнного відновлення економіки та
в контексті вимог Європейського зеленого курсу щодо досягнення вуглецевої нейтральності металургія України має унікальну можливість не лише подолати технічне відставання за енергоефективністю та екологічною
безпекою, а й позбутися неефективної технологічної структури з фізично
зношеними і морально застарілими основними фондами. Рішення полягає у
переході до малих металургійних заводів і стратегії мінімізації економічних та екологічних витрат.
In the future recovery of the economy, an important role is assigned to the steelmaking complex. In the context of the
Green Deal requirements to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, the metallurgy of Ukraine has a unique opportunity not
only to overcome the technical lag of the industry in terms of energy efficiency and environmental safety, but also to get
rid of an inefficient technological structure with physically worn out and out-of-date, obsolete fixed assets. The solution
lies in the transition to small metallurgical plants (SMP) and the strategy of minimizing economic and environmental
costs. The industrial infrastructure of Ukraine needs the implementation of three groups of SMPs in order to use available
iron ore resources, scrap metal and iron-containing waste as the initial charge. The production and remelting of
metallized raw materials (DRI/HBI) in an electric arc furnace (EAF) as an alternative to the ecologically dirty technological
route blast furnace — converter will supply the domestic market and exports with competitive sheet metal products
of casting-rolling modules. Low-carbon at the first stage, the technology will allow in the medium term to reduce the
specific emission of CO2 by 1.45-2 times and will create a basis for the further transition to carbon-neutral hydrogen
metallurgy. Two groups of SMPs, based on technological routes with arc and induction electric furnaces, should focus on
the market of mass-demand steel and small batches of special steels, as well as provide foundry and forging production for
the machine-building complex. In the context of new SMPs, the modernization of EAFs that are idle due to problems
with sales markets, through the introduction of a “deep” bath, a system of distributed aspiration, water-cooled elements
with reduced heat loss, optimization of the electrodes pitch diameter, is gaining relevance.
