Життєвий шлях і наукова спадщина В. А. Богусевича

Abstract

У статті розглядається наукова біографія відомого археолога, історика і музейника, дослідника пам’яток Київської Русі Володимира Андрійовича Богусевича (1902—1978 рр.). Провідне місце у його науковому доробку посідають проблеми походження і формування давньоруських міст, їх топографії і соціальної структури, будівництва середньовічних оборонних споруд.

In July 24, 2022 is the 120th anniversary of the famous archaeologist, historian and museologist, the researcher of archaeological sites of Kievan Rus, Candidate of Historical Sciences Volodymyr Andriyovych Bogusevych (1902—1978). V. A. Bogusevich graduated from the historical and economic department of Leningrad Herzen State Pedagogical Institute (1925) and postgraduate studies at the State Academy of the History of Material Culture (1929). In 1929—1931 he was a research officer at the State Academy of the History of Material Culture; in 1931—1935 — the Deputy Director for Research and Scientific Secretary of the Pskov State Museum; 1935—1941 — the Deputy Director for Science of the Administration of the Novgorod State Museums and Senior Research Fellow of the Novgorod Section of the Institute of History of the USSR Academy of Sciences; 1945—1946 — the Deputy Director for the scientific part of the State Historical and Cultural Reserve «Kyiv- Pechersk Lavra»; 1947—1962 — the Senior Research Fellow, Head of the Department of Slavic Archeology of the Institute of Archaeology of Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR. In 1947 Bogusevich received his Candidate of Sciences degree. He studied the archeological sites of Novgorod (1937—1941), Kyiv (1948, 1950—1952, 1957), Chernihiv (1947—1949, 1951, 1953), the Rus cities of Voin (1956—1957), Gorodets Ostersky (1954, 1961), Vyr (1958—1959), V’yahan (1959), Putivl (1960—1961), settlements of the Slavs near Kaniv (1947—1948). V. A. Bogusevych’s contribution to the archeology of Kyiv is significant. He supervised the dismantling of the ruins of the Assumption Cathedral of the Kyiv- Pechersk Lavra (1945—1948), explored the archeological sites of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra and the Upper Town, conducted the first excavations in Podil, discovered the wall of the «city of Yaroslav». The excavations of V. A. Bogusevych on the territory of the Chernihiv Kremlin and on the Tretyak were the beginning of the study of ancient parts of the city. This allowed him to develop the historical topography of Chernihiv. V. A. Bogusevich is the author of more than 60 scientific and popular works. In research he made extensive use of written sources supplementing them with archaeological material. V. A. Bogusevych’s works demonstrate a concrete-historical approach to the problems of the origin and formation of the cities of Kievan Rus, their topography and social structure, the construction of medieval fortifications.