Фонічний компонент у експресивній системі поетичного тексту

Abstract

Статтю присвячено проблемі експресивності поетичного тексту, організації експресивних єдностей у художньому творі. На особливу увагу заслуговує фонічний компонент, який, виступаючи структурним складником будь-якого текстового утворення, а надто — поетичного, стає неодмінним чинником динамізації та естетизації художньої структури, у поєднанні з іншими чинниками — граматичними, образними тощо — відіграє надзвичайно виразну роль в організації мистецького твору як цілісної експресивної єдності.

The paper describes the problem of poetical texts expressiveness and arrangement of expressive textual structures. By «expressiveness» we mean emotional and logical emphasizing, high intensity of the textual expression that can be achieved both with the help of a single element from the wide language tools variety or a gradation of quantitative and qualitative features on the different language levels, and also by poetical means in their endogenous and exogenous manifestation. The author explores the peculiarities of the creation of expressive structures in the modern Ukrainian poetry and gives special attention to the expressive unities with the dominant phonic component. The observation of the phonic scheme of such unities proves that the intensity of a single word or first line can be accumulated in a certain sound composition on a broader background in respect of the semantic, compositional collision of the work. Also, a header plays an important role in the creation of appropriate expressive unity because it always possesses the strong position in a text and its intentionality, located at the semantic level, becomes a necessary factor of support to this unity at the other language levels, especially phonic. The expressiveness of sound image based on the numerous phonic repetitions in the corresponding syntactic (chiasmic) structures, poetic (panthorhyme) can be explained by emphasizing on different senses, psychologism of semantic bias that is achieved using certain phonic composition. In general, phonic element, being a component of any textual construction, especially poetical, becomes an essential factor of dynamization and aestethization of poetic text and taken in combination with the other factors (grammatical, figurative etc.) plays an important role in the composition of literary work as a holistic expressive unity.