Стаття присвячена боротьбі працівників органів внутрішніх
справ проти бандитизму на території Сумської області у повоєнні роки. Проаналізовано соціально-економічну ситуацію в Україні.
З’ясовано, що причини зростання злочинності мали як об’єктивний, так і суб’єктивний характер. Соціальну напруженість посилив голод 1946–1947 рр.
Особливістю криміногенної ситуації на Сумщині була діяльність організованих банд, зокрема, у північних лісових районах області. Визначено мету та основні заходи з реорганізації органів
внутрішніх справ у другій половині 1940-х – на початку 1950-х рр.
Досліджено напрями та результати діяльності правоохоронців з ліквідації злочинних угрупувань на території області. Встановлено, що на початок 1950-х рр. на Сумщині було ліквідовано
майже усі бандитські угрупування; разом з тим, загальний рівень
злочинності залишався високим.
The article is dedicated to the fight against bandit carried by law
enforcement officers in the Sumy region during the post-war years. Thus,
the social-economic situation in Ukraine had been analyzed. It was found
that the reasons for the increase in crime were both objective (economic
ruin, poor living conditions) and subjective (dehumanization of public
relations, a large number of illegal weapons). The social tension was
exacerbated by the Famine of 1946 - 1947. The increase in crime, and
in the number of serious crimes (murders, robberies) were observed in
all regions of Ukraine. In 1947, the death penalty was renewed.
Moreover, the need for the reorganization of law enforcement agencies,
in particular, the creation of the units in the Ministry of Internal Affairs
of the Ministry of Internal Security under the Ministry of State Security
of the USSR, not only to improve the work of the police, but also to assist
the State Security Agencies in the execution of punitive functions. The
peculiarity of the criminogenic situation in Sumy region was the activity of
organized gangs, in particular, in the Northern Forest districts of the region.
The directions and results of the activity of law enforcement agencies
on the elimination of criminal groups in the region had been investigated.
Futhermore, the features of the process of combating banditry with the
involvement of agents, service dogs, technical devices had been highlighted.
It had been found that in some cases the criminal motives of banditry were
combined with political ones, in particular when it came to attack on Soviet
functionaries, who were revenged for their abuses during the disintegration
(so called «rozkurkulennia») and the Holodomor in the early 1930s.
In addition, it had been established that in the early 1950’s almost
all the gangs were eliminated in the region, while the overall crime
rate remained high.
