Медичні інструменти із скіфських курганів Херсонщини (новий погляд на відомі артефакти)

Abstract

Проаналізовано серію металевих предметів з скіфських курганів Херсонщини IV ст. до н. е. з археологічного зібрання НМІУ, які інтерпретовано як медичні інструменти.

In 1973, the Kherson Expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of Ukraine under the leadership of A. I. Terenozhkin discovered a group of kurgans near the village of Lvove in the Kherson region. Five Scythian graves were investigated in the mound 11. Two of them belonged to the Amazons and have not been robbed. Some of the items from these kurgans are stored in the National Museum of Ukrainian History. After the restoration, they in fact have got a second life and a new attribution. The most interesting are things from burial 2: a pair of iron spring forceps, an iron knife with a bone faceted handle, and a bronze bowl. According to the Doctor of Veterinary O. P. Melnyk, these items are close to modern medical instruments. The bronze bowl with thin sides, a flat bottom and a corolla with a rigid ledge could serve for fast heating of water and sterilization of tools. Iron forceps could be used to take tools out of boiling water. The shape of the knife blade and its technological features are similar to modern hoof knives designed to care for the hooves of animals. A similar bowl was found in burial No. 4, while another bowl and a bronze knife were in the main burial 7 of the same kurgan.