На основі історичної літератури та документальних джерел у статті здійснюється ретроспективний аналіз складних і суперечливих подій на українських теренах
періоду 1917–1921 рр., звертається увага на несформованість національних державотворчих традицій, несприятливі внутрішні й зовнішні фактори, котрі у синтезі з прорахунками керівників Центральної Ради, Гетьманату та Директорії призвели до поразки Української революції.
На основании исторической литературы и документальных источников в статье
осуществляется ретроспективный анализ сложных и противоречивых событий на
украинских землях периода 1917–1921 гг., обращается внимание на несформированность национальных государственно образующих традиций, неблагоприятные
внутренние и внешние факторы, которые в синтезе с просчетами руководителей
Центральной Рады, Гетьманата и Директории привели к поражению Украинской революции.
In the article on the basis of historical literature and documentary sources is made
retrospective analysis of complex and controversial events in the Ukrainian territory of the
period 1917-1921. The attention pay to undeveloped national public traditions, adverse internal
and external factors, which in the synthesis of miscalculations of heads of the Central Rada,
the Hetmanate, and the Directory led to the defeat of the Ukrainian revolution.
In fact, heads of the Ukrainian Central Rada ware not under force to tie social issues
with national liberalization. The same was observed in time of Directory where again sorted
out relationship Petliura and Vynnychenko, whose side to take: Moscow or Entente. After the
overthrow of Skoropadsky army was caught up with villages, Vinnichenko resigned, and Petliura
became the Commander in Chief. As in the day the Ruins, the top has taken otamanstvo and
inertia of the masses.
It is important that the programs of the leading ukrainian parties was not to build an
independent Ukrainian State, but only within the framework of the Federation of Russia.
Already, not to mention the all-Russian political forces.
A negative factor was the slow process of the formation of the national armed forces (the
army of the UNR, the free Cossacks), and active work on the Ukrainian territory of the Red
Army, the armed forces of South Russia (Denikin troops), a Russian army of Wrangel and
various rebel groups with the unpredictable intentions of their atamans – Angel, Grigoriev,
Makhno, Mordalevich, Pestushka, Struka, Terpylo, Chuchupaka and others.
In General, the defeat of the Ukrainian revolution lies in false ideological settings of the
Ukrainian heads, their short-sighted pacifism and the absence of international support in the
years of the decisive battle with Russians, lack of internal unity, political quarrels, anarchy,
atamanschina.
