Обоснование метода выбора оптимального места вынужденной посадки воздушного судна на водную поверхность

Abstract

Изложены результаты разработки метода выбора оптимального места вынужденной посадки воздушного судна на водную поверхность. Проанализированы случаи приводнений, изложены результаты экспертных опросов и общая концепция метода решения задачи эвакуации.

Викладено результати розробки методу вибору оптимального місця вимушеної посадки повітряного судна на водну поверхню. Проаналізовано випадки приводнень, викладено результати експертних опитувань та загальна концепція методу розв’язання задачі евакуації.

Introduction. The results of the research of the development of a method of choosing the optimal site for the forced landing of an aircraft on the water surface are summarized. The cases of ditching are analysed. The causal connects between the place of landing and the overall people survival rate are observed. Purpose. The following problems are solved: the substantiation of the method of choosing the optimal place for the forced landing of an aircraft on the water surface, developing a method of the optimal route calculating for carrying out the evacuation operations, estimating the factors influencing the forced landing, evacuation and the process of further survival. Methods. In order to assess the degree of the factors of influenced, the method of expert evaluations is used. The task of optimizing the evacuation route is solved using the methods of the graph theory. Results. The article outlines the results of an expert survey aimed at identifying the factors that have the greatest impact on the process of ditching and further survival rate. The isolated complex factors (Landing Conditions, Evacuation Time and Eligibility of the Settlement, for Victims Assistance) are explored. The factors like Landing Conditions and Eligibility of the Settlement, for Victims Assistance are estimated by the experts, their impact is expressed in terms of weight, reflecting their danger. The task of reducing the time of evacuation is solved by applying the methods of graph theory. Conclusions. The research describes and justifies the method of selecting the optimal place of ditch. This method can be used by flight crews during the situations on board, which prompts to perform the forced landings.