Коллекция ятаганов собрания Бахчисарайского заповедника

Abstract

В данной статье рассмотрена небольшая по количеству (7 ед.), но интересная по составу коллекция ятаганов из собрания Бахчисарайского заповедника, которая представляет интерес и как образцы вооружения, и как произведения мастеров-оружейников XVIII века. Впервые осуществлены переводы арабографичных надписей на ятаганах и сделана попытка классификации данного типа холодного оружия.

У данійстатті розглянута невелика за кількістю (7 од.), але цікава за складом колекція ятаганів зібрання Бахчисарайського заповідника, яка представляє інтерес як зразки озброєння і як твори майстрів-зброярів XVIII століття. Вперше представлені переклади арабографічних написів на ятаганах, а також здійснена спроба класифікації даного типу холодної зброї.

Cold weapon relates to the oldest monuments of material culture. It is described as an object, which is not related to the use of gunpowder and other explosives. Other definitions of cold weapon are associated with the attack, defense, physical injury. The collection of oriental cold weapon of the Preserve was formed in 20-70-ies of the XX century from several sources: private collections and museums of the Crimea, Odessa, St. Petersburg. Nowadays the collection of oriental weapon of Bakhchisaray Preserve consists of 53 units. Objects of this collection date from the 16th - the beginning of 20th century, and include Turkish, Iranian, Crimean and Central Asian samples. This article focuses on the collection of yatagans (7 items) from the funds of Bakhchisaray Preserve, which are interesting as models of weapons, as well as the works of armourers of the 18th century. The translation of Arabic script inscriptions on yatagans into Russian language is for the first time presented, as well as an attempt to classify and determine the place of manufacture according to the drawings of patterns and technology of this type of cold weapons from the funds of the Bakhchisaray Historical and Cultural Preserve. This article can be further used for the preparation of the catalog of cold weapons from the funds of Bakhchisaray Historical and Cultural Preserve.