Усталена версія та прихована правда про радянську колективізацію: на матеріалах сіл тодішніх Носівського та Лосинівського районів

Abstract

На основі архівів колишніх спецфондів, які досі не вводилися до наукового обігу, автор переконливо руйнує усталену радянську версію колективізації сільського господарства в Україні у 20-30- роках ХХ століття. В основу аналізу взято матеріали сіл Носівського і колишнього Лосинівського ройонів.

На базе архивов бывших спецфондов, которые раньше не вводились в научный оборот, автор убедительно разрушает устоявшуюся советскую версию коллективизации сельского хозяйства в Украине в 20—30-е годы ХХ столетия. В основу анализа взят материал сел тогдашнего Носовского и Лосиновського районов Черниговской области.

The author persuasively destroys the ascertained Soviet version about the collectivization of farming in Ukraine in the 20-30th of the XXth century on the basis of archive matter unknown before to the scientists. The analysis is based on the materials of villages of former Nosivka and Losynivka district. The author reveals the methods used by the Bolshevik power to impose collective form of farming on the Ukrainian peasants and later on to fulfill unreal governmental plans of grain purchases in 1932-1933. The author reports the forms of repressions used by the Bolshevists mainly the activities of authorized people in grain purchases, sessions of people’s court in insubordinate villages and ambulatory sessions of agricultural inspection. Due to successive realization of such forms of repressions the Soviet power drew the famishment of Ukrainian people in 1932-1933. The publication shows the premises of famishment such as the system of grain purchases during the period of so called «war communism,» all-embracing collectivization and action directed on annihilation of rich peasants. Thorough analysis of the publications reveals the role of district press in the realization of party destructive policy in the villages. It also depicts the ways of resistance in the most insubordinate villages of Danyna and Shatura and the repressions of the authority in them. The article also gives the analysis of collective farms’ names which at that time had brightly marked ideological character, denominates the reasons for renaming them in later periods and comments on the procedures of such renaming.