«Великий кордон» Ф. Дж. Тернера та Запоріжжя

Abstract

Розвідка присвячена теорії Великого кордону та застосуванню її для пояснення історії України. Здійснено порівняння «класичного» американського фронтиру та Запоріжжя. Як головну особливість українського Великого кордону автор називає його статичність.

Статья посвящена концепции фронтира (границы) и использованию ее для объяснения истории Украины. Автор сравнивает «классический» американский фронтир и Запорожье. Главной особенностью и отличием Запорожья определяется его статичность.

The article is dedicated to the Frontier Thesis and the opportunities of its usage for the history of Ukraine explanation. F.Turner’s ideas about the history of the USA are been compared with ideas about Ukrainian variant of the Frontier – Zaporizhzha. The initiative of American frontier colonization belonged to the state and was financed by the state. On the contrary, Zaporizhzha was colonized spontaneously. The state didn’t participate in the process. Author considers huge assimilation process to be the peculiarity of Ukrainian Frontier, because all immigrants on Cossacks’ lands had to make a conversion to Orthodoxy. The Cossacks always proclaimed their faith to Ukrainian people. American Frontier was integrated to the state gradually and turned into region dominating in the politics. However, Zaporizhzha always stayed beyond political borders. The main peculiarity of Ukrainian Frontier is distinguished as static. American Frontier was always moving to the West, though the Ukrainian one didn’t have such territory as the lands in front were populated by the Tatars.