Сравнительный анализ генетической изменчивости Picea abies (L.) Karst. в природной популляции и интродукционном насаждении

Abstract

A comparative analysis of genetic variation in Picea abies from the introductional stand of the Donetsk Botanical Gardens Dendrarium and a natural population of the Ukrainian Carpathians was performed. As genetic markers, isozymes of 9 enzyme systems were used. It showed, that the number of alleles and genotypes is almost equal in all the studied tree-stands, and the observed heterozygosity in the Norway spruce population (Ho=0,188) was 18% higher than in the plantation (Ho=0,154). An 8% excess of heterozygotes was indicated in the natural tree-stand, and the deficit of them was the same in plantation. Nei’s genetic distance coefficient was 0.014. In the course of analysis of the allele and genotypic heterogeneity (by χ2-test) the valid differences were detected for 7 out of 14 polymorphic loci. Genetic similarity index (r) by allele diversity was 0.965, and by genotypic one – 0.932. The obtained results testify to the fact, that in the process of introduction of P. abies into the adverse natural and climatic conditions of the steppe zone no significant loss of the genetic potential of the natural population from the Ukrainian Carpathians is observed.