Верховенство права як ціннісна складова демократії

Abstract

У статті досліджується принцип верховенства права як ціннісної складової демократії. Аналізуються сучасні підходи до розуміння принципу верховенства права, визначається його зміст, цінність для ефективного забезпечення та захисту прав і свобод громадян.

В статье исследуется принцип верховенства права как ценностной составной демократии. Анализируются современные подходы к пониманию принципа верховенства права, определяется его содержание, ценность для эффективного обеспечения и защиты прав и свободы граждан.

The development of independent Ukraine marked by the proclamation and assigned in the Constitution of Ukraine the rule of law. Fixing this principle in the Basic Law has demonstrated intention to build a legal system based on the principles recognized fundamental to any democratic society. The rule of law is one of the basic values of democracy. Research a wide range of views and approaches to the understanding of the rule of law suggests that the idea of rule of law is one of the base in the European legal tradition and is rooted in ancient times. According to local researchers, the concept of rule of law are intertwined legal and political, cultural and ethical reasons, domestic and international, national and universal aspects of scientific truth, the values of good and justice, the achievement of legal theory and practical legal experience, legal ideas and common sense. The establishment of the rule in a particular country depends on the characteristics of national-cultural development, including a national legal culture; the establishment of this principle is possible by consistent adherence to a variety of conditions. Modern understanding of human rights implies recognizing the highest social value, and the rights and freedoms of citizens — the main aim of the government, which sells its jurisdiction only within the constitution and laws of the country. Ensuring the rights and freedoms include three elements (areas of state activity): the promotion of human rights and freedoms (through positive influence on the formation of the total social security), Protection of Rights and Freedoms (by implementing measures, including legal, to prevent, prevention of violations Rights and Freedoms), Human Rights and Freedoms (restoration of legal status, bringing offenders to legal liability). Development issues of human rights were reflected in the works of Kant. They researcher consistently defended freedom of the individual and strongly criticized the policy in its duality relation to morality and law. Politics, as Kant argued, should be subordinated to morality and law, the categorical imperative of reason on the rights and freedoms. «Genuine politics — he emphasized — can not take steps, not previously sweared morals ... The right person should be sacred, that effort is not cost to public authorities». The problem of completeness and guarantees of human rights has become in today’s world of global importance. The international community is trying to develop common rules for social and legal protection of citizens, unify, take common standards and procedures that facilitate the recognition of the dignity which is inherent to all members of the human family. An important step to respect and protect human rights has become Ukraine’s accession to the Council of Europe on 9 November 1995, resulting in Ukraine has assumed a number of international legal commitments made to the PACE report number 190 (1995). This conclusion was provided for Ukraine to adopt a new Constitution, the framework document on the legal policy on human rights, etc., the ratification of several international agreements concluded within the Council of Europe, in particular the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman and such, degrading treatment or punishment, extradition, on mutual assistance in criminal matters; of sentenced persons; on Laundering, Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime, the European Charter of Local governments, the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, the European Social Charter. Thus, the rule of law is a fundamental valuation basis of the legal democratic state. Strengthening the rule of law is a landmark of social and political development of Ukraine. Formation of the rule of law, which dominates the rule of law and, accordingly, the principles of the Constitution and laws, ensure implementation of the priority of human rights in the life of society. Thus, meaningful element of the rule of law and through it an effective instrument for the regulation of public relations advocates claims to guarantee human rights and fundamental freedoms.