Діяльність української дипломатії у Раді Безпеки ООН (2016–2017 рр.)

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано особливості діяльності української дипломатії у Раді Безпеки ООН упродовж 2016–2017 років, коли Україна була непостійним членом Ради Безпеки. Висвітлено проблеми функціонування Ради Безпеки за умов кризи сучасної системи міжнародної безпеки, спричиненої агресією Російської Федерації проти України. Показані основні етапи дипломатичного протистояння навколо питання запровадження миротворчої місії ООН на Донбасі та у вирішенні питань відновлення територіальної цілісності України.

The paper deals with the activity of the Ukrainian diplomacy at the UN Security Council from 2016 to 2017, when Ukraine was a non-permanent member of the Security Council. The author analyzes problems of functional activity of the UN Security Council in the conditions of crisis of the international security system and Russia’s aggression against Ukraine. The main stages of confrontation on the issue of the UN peacekeeping operation in the Donbas and solution of the problems of restoring the territorial integrity of Ukraine are analyzes. The Security Council is charged with maintaining peace and security among countries. While other organs of the UN can only make recommendations to member states, the Security Council has the power to make binding decisions that member states have agreed to carry out, under the terms of Charter Article 25. The decisions of the Council are known as the United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Security Council is made up of fifteen member states, consisting of five permanent members — China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States — and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly. The five permanent members hold veto power over the UN Resolutions. The presidency of the Security Council rotates alphabetically each month. The UN, after approved by the Security Council sends peacekeepers to regions where armed conflict has recently ceased or paused to enforce the terms to peace agreements and to discourage combatants from resuming hostilities. Since the UN does not maintain its own military, peacekeeping forces are voluntary provided by member states.