Курган доби бронзи коло села Гродзеве на Уманщині

Abstract

Стаття присвячена публікації матеріалів розкопок кургану поблизу села Гродзеве Уманського району Черкаської області. Всі 10 виявлених поховань відносяться до доби бронзи: вісім — до ямної культури, 2 — до культурного кола Бабине (Дніпро-Прутської бабинської культури).

This paper presents the data from the excavation of the kurgan 6 near the village of Grozdeve in Uman region of the Cherkasy oblast. The complex was investigated by the Expedition of the Cherkasy Archaeological Rescue Surveys in 2011. This kurgan was a component of the large kurgan group located to the east and north-east from the village of Grozdeve, near the road Uman — Kirovohrad in the direction of the village of Babanka. Topographically the kurhan cemetery is located on top of the watershed of the rivers Umanka (from the west) and Revukha (from the east), which flow into the Yatran river (basing of the Southern Buh). Kurhan 6 was located in the central part of the group. The southern part of the kurgan was partly destroyed by the road, which was built in 1950s. Initially the elevation of kurgan reached 2.5—3 m. By the moment of excavations its elevation reached 1.3—1.5 m, and the diameter was measured to 35—40 m. The kurgan included ten burials of the Bronze Age. Eight of those belong to the Yamna culure (3rd mil. BC), two others were attributed to the Babyne cultural complex (the first half of the 2nd mil. BC). Despite the significantly destroyed mound, profiles preserved the stratigraphy of the kurgan. The buried soil and at least two mounds were identified. Yamna burials are similar to the Southern Buh variation of the Yamna culutural complex by its ritual: nearly rectangular pits covered with wood, remains of bark on the floor, position of skeletons, burials of two people, western and eastern orientation of buried, use of ochre etc. Two burials included ceramic pots with a short neck, egg-shaped body and sharp bottom. Those are dated to the late period of Yamna culture. Babyne burials do not have significant features. Both are characterized by nearly rectangular pits of a small size and depth, organic remains on the floor and wooden constructions in burials, eastern orientation of buried, the lack of inventory. These burials are dated to the late period of the culture (Dnipro-Prut Babyne culture).