Чудотворні ікони Богородиці XVII–XVIII ст. з Новгород-Сіверщини

Abstract

У статті наведено відомості про чудотворні ікони Дігтярівської та Леньківської Богородиць. Обґрунтовано наукову актуальність вивчення, наведено інформацію про час явлення і початок шанування, їх іконографію та зовнішні характеристики, відомості про пожертви і місцезнаходження збережених копій.

The article presents information about the miraculous icons of the Virgin Mary from Dihtiarivka and Lenkiv, which venerated near Novhorod-Siverskyi. The scientific interest is substantiated in the study of this issue, the features of these icons are described. Summary about the time of appearance and start of veneration of the Dihtiarivska and Lenkivska icons of Our Lady. The iconography and the external characteristics of these icons described. Donation information provided. The presence and location of the saved lists of these miraculous icons are told about. The study of veneration of the miraculous icons allows us to understanding the treatment to them of past society. The prevalence of the cult, the number of recorded mentions and the amount of precious gifts to miraculous icons indicates the place of miraculous icons at life of people in the past. Two miraculous icons of the Virgin Mary in the Novhorod-Siverskyi region are the icons of Virgin Mary from Dihtiarivka and Lenkivka. The main sources of information about them are the XIXth century publications. Also modern historians are beginning to become interested in the study of miraculous icons, although to date this topic has been elaborated only in conjunction with other historical studies in Chernihiv-Siverschyna. The tearful icon of Our Lady of the Dithiarivka village is an ancient item of the Novhorod-Siverskyi region. Evidence of its occurrence is dated back to 1392. The size of the icon is 31 x 23 cm. The icon tearful in 1702, before the attack of the Swedish troops during the Northern War. After that the monks of the local monastery wanted to move the icon to the monastery church, but it returned to the village Dіhtiarivka. The original miraculous icon of Our Lady of the Dіhtiarivka was not preserved, but two later copies are known now. Hetman Ivan Mazepa had venerated miraculous icon of Our Lady from Dіhtiarivka very much. He built the church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary here and made the silver cover with gilding for icon in the early XVIII century. Now this cover stored in the Museum of Historical Treasures in Kyiv. Ivan Mazepa wrote an appeal to the Starodub Regiment in Dihtiarivka, he was calling walk over on the side of King Charles XII of Sweden. Another miraculous image of Our Lady revealed in Novhorod-Siverskyi district is icon from village Lenkiv. This icon is simply floated on water to the shore in the XVIIth century and called the “Savior of the Drowners”, because it appeared near a dangerous swirl on the river Desna. In this place many times boats sinked along with people into the swirl. The accidents at the swirl stopped after the appearance of the icon. After a while a temple of the Blessed Virgin was built at the site of the icon’s appearance. O. Yefimov at first systematized and published material on this miraculous icon in 1901. Lenkiv village was destroyed in the beginning of XVIIth century during a military conflict. It was reborn in a new place. There have built a new temple of St. Archangel Michael, where the miraculous icon of Our Lady of Lenkiv was kept. The first mention of the icon in 1751, dating from the gift record in the Gospel of this church. The miracle-working icon of the Lenkiv had size 44 x 27 cm. In the XVIIIth century the miraculous icon had transferred to the local Transfiguration Monastery. It was located here before the revolution of 1917 and then was lost. A local resident presented the monastery an ancient copy of the Lenkivska icon in 2003. Summary in this study systematized information about the miraculous icons of Virgin Mary from the Dihtiarivka and Lenkiv of Novhorod-Siverskyi region. The article shows that the sacred monuments united society and efforts to fight an external enemy.