Абсолютный и относительный возраст стоянки Бугорок: естественно-научные и археологические данные

Abstract

В статье комплексно анализируются новые результаты исследований стоянки Бугорок. На памятнике выделяется два отдельных культурных слоя эпиграветтского времени.

The Upper Paleolithic site Bugorok is one of the settlements of Pushkari group. Bugorok is located at the southern suburb of the village Pushkari (Novgorod-Siversky district, Chernigov Region, Ukraine), in the locality called Pogon – the large cape (more than 1 sq.km), of a low area of a watershed plateau. For a long time Bugorok remained the most poorly studied settlement of Timonovka-Yudinovo cultural group, and ideas of its age were based on archaeological correlations with materials from the Timonovka 2 site. Interdisciplinary field researches of Bugorok conducted by the author of the article in 1997- 2009 allowed to clarify the question of relative and absolute age. Data on the geological stratigraphic, geochemical, palynological and the radio-carbon research, as well as data of technical and morphological analyses of the stone industry of Bugorok allowed to make a conclusion about two stages in the accumulation of the cultural deposits of Bugorok. The first stage corresponds to the bottom, earlier horizon of habitation and date to about 14,5-15 BP (14770±115, 14820±60). That time the “giant settlements “similar to the lower occupational layer of Yudinovo site were occupied in the Desna river basin. The second stage is associated with the upper, main (having well expressed structure) occupation level, which corresponds to the Alleröd period (11060±140, 11500±400, 11700±250). Bugorok is the chronologically closest to Yudinovo, upper layer and, apparently, the latest manifestation of Timonovka-Yudinovo cultural group known now.