Вплив мистецьких стилів на обкладинки часописів першої третини XX століття

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано вплив мистецьких стилів на обкладинки часописів першої третини XX століття різних регіонів України. Розглянуто видозміни художнього вирішення обкладинок у контексті соціально-історичних подій, взаємозв'язок шрифту й сюжету. Прослідковано, які зміни відбулися в суспільстві і як саме нова ідеологія відбилася на зміні стилів та образного змісту.

The article analyzes the influence of artistic styles on the magazine covers of the 1st third of the 20th century in different regions of Ukraine. The modifications of the artistic approaches in the context of social-historical events, the connection between the fonts and the plots are considered. The study focuses on changes that occurred in society, and shows how the new ideology was reflected in changing styles and figurative content. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries Ukrainian graphic arts became a part of the European artistic process. Journal and book graphics, drawings for magazines and newspapers - these forms of graphic art acquired a priority development in the fine arts and shaped the cultural life of that time. Today, objectively evaluating the Ukrainian culture of this age as blooming, one should appreciate the importance of the development of Ukrainian book printing. Analysing the peculiarities of the national graphic arts, especially in the area of books, periodicals, almanacs, the researcher notes the constant attraction that the artists had to national traditions and symbolic images of folk art. The movement for a national style developed in the context of complex, intense artistic life in Ukraine that was oriented mainly on common European tendencies or traditions of Russian art. The artistic process involved young artists who received artistic education in Munich, Vienna, Paris, Cracow, St. Petersburg and Moscow, but the vast majority had ties with Russian and Polish art. Symbolism and modernism were the leading artistic styles of the graphic art in the first two decades of the century. At the same time, the futuristic movement, which included features of cubism, expressionism, and neo-primitivism, was also noticeable. The arts of the poster and the book and magazine cover enriched and complemented one another. The artists often combined different stylistic trends. In the 1920s – early 1930s the constructivist trend prevailed.

В статье проанализировано влияние стилей искусства на обложки журналов первой трети XX века разных регионов Украины. Рассмотрено видоизменения художественного решения обложек в контексте социально-исторических событий, взаимосвязь шрифта и сюжета. Прослежены изменения в обществе и то, каким образом новая идеология отразилась на смене стилей и образного содержания.