Раскопкі курганнага могільніка Кастыкі ў вярхоўях Віліі ў 1973 годзе

Abstract

Комплекс археалагічных помнікаў ля вёскі Кастыкі Вілейскага раёна Мінскай вобласці скла- децца з курганнага могільніка старжытнарускага часу і адкрытага паселішча, якое функцыянавала ад позняга неаліту да трэцяй чвэрці І тыс. н. э. Дадзены артыкул прысвечаны публікацыі матэры- ялаў раскопак курганнага могільніка Кастыкі, якія адбыліся ў 1973 г. Асноўная ўвага надаецца пераасэ- нсаванню матэрыялаў раскопак 1973 г. у святле новых даследванняў, праведзеных у 2016 і 2018 гг.

The complex of archaeological monuments near the village Kastyki of the Viliejka district of the Minsk region consists of an Old Rus’ barrow cemetery and an open settlement, which functioned from the late Neolithic period to the third quarter of the 1st millennium AD. The complex of archaeological sites under the question is located in the eastern part of the village Kastyki in the upper reaches of the Vilija, on its right bank, 2.5 km from the confluence of the Servač River into Vilija River. For the first time, studies at Kastyki were carried out by K. Tyszkiewicz in 1856, when he excavated here one partially destroyed mound, containing neither traces of burial nor burial goods. In 1973, J. Zviaruha conducted a study of the barrow cemetery in Kastyki and excavated here 7 burial mounds. This article is devoted to the publication of materials from the Kastyki barrow cemetery, which took place in 1973 under the direction of J. Zviaruha. The focus is on rethinking the results of the 1973 excavations in the light of new research conducted in 2016 and 2018. The analysis of materials from the excavation of the burial mound, carried out in 1973, suggests that the necropolis functioned during the middle of the 11th—12th centuries. It belonged to a group of residents of the Polatsk land, who made burials according to the rites of inhumation on the basis of burial mounds, with their heads directed to the west. This, in turn, suggests that the members of the Old Rus’ community, which left the necropolis in Kastyki, had a certain understanding of the Christian burial rites.