Peculiarities of galvanomagnetic effects in nonhomogeneous magnetic field

Abstract

Effect of high-gradient nonhomogeneous magnetic fields on galvanomagnetic properties of condensed bismuth films was studied. Strong high-gradient magnetic fields were created using a system of wo Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets. It was established that in Bi films, a potential difference occurred through magnetic field gradient in addition to Hall emf. In contrast to Hall odd effect, he sign of the gradient emf is independent on current and field directions. The revealed phenomenon is defined as Hall gradient effect. It has been experimentally established that the gradient electrical field EG occurs also without electrical current in the conductor. The gradient voltage value attains about ΔU>0≈20 μV. By the sign of &Delta U>0, it is possible to determine the predominant carrier type without current in the conductor.