Знахідки кістяних псаліїв доби раннього заліза на Харківщині

Abstract

Робота присвячена характеристиці кістяних псаліїв, які знайдені в басейні Сіверського Дінця на Харківщині, та відносяться до передскіфського часу та скіфської епохи. Проведена типологічна атрибуція виробів. З’ясовані їхні хронологічні позиції.

The paper characterizes the bone cheek-pieces found on the Siversky Donets basin in the Kharkiv region and dated to the pre-Scythian time and the Scythian Age. The typological attribution of products is carried out. Their chronological position has been clarified. The paper presents the analogies of the cheek-piece from the Pechenihy territorial community belonging to the pre-Scythian time (with some parallels of decor in the early Chornolissya time) and enable to date this product back to the end of the final Bronze — early pre- Scythian stage. In absolute data this may be close to the end (last decades) of 10th—11th centuries BC. The fragment of a three-hole cheek-peace from the Scythian settlement near the village Stari Valki is interesting. The edge of the object shaped as horse’s head according to the model «with the ear lied back» but the ear itself is not marked. Analogies to such cheek-pieces date back to the middle of the 7th—6th centuries BC. Two lower fragments of three-hole bone cheek-pieces decorated with hooves also come from Kharkiv region. Date of such objects is the 7th—6th centuries BC. Cylindrical ornamented object from the Scythian settlement on the territory of the Lubotyn territorial community is also considered. Similar products were occurred in the neighboring region (Bilsk hillfort).The set of features enable to talk about their belonging to the Iron Age. Finds of early Scythian bone cheek-pieces from the Forest-Steppe of Siversky Donets Basin illustrate the early history of the Scythian tribes of this region whereas the main part of local sites belongs to the middle and late periods.