Identifying the stage of new CLL patients using TK, ZAP-70, CD38 levels

Abstract

Serum thymidine kinase (TK), zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa (ZAP-70) and CD38 levels have been shown to be correlated with survival in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Aim: To investigate the possible correlations between TK, ZAP-70 and CD38 levels as prognostic markers in new diagnosed Rai stages of CLL patients. Methods: 120 CLL patients were enrolled. ELISA was used to measure serum TK level, flow cytomerty — to determine ZAP-70 and CD38 expression applying ZAP-70 Kit and monoclonal antibody to CD38, respectively. Results: Significantly higher levels of TK were found in the high progression group of CLL patients that corresponded to stage II (Rai classification). An elevated level of TK, CD38 and ZAP-70 together was also found in the II stage. The coefficient of correlation between CD38 and ZAP-70 is reliable (p < 0.001). There is also a correlation between the level of TK and the disease stage (p < 0.05). Other parameters do not show this correlation. Conclusion: The determination of TK, ZAP-70 and CD38 together allows patients susceptible to a possible stage of the disease, to be identified. Estimation of the factors at an early stage of the disease may allow an earlier commencement of treatment.