В роботі представлені результати спостережень автора за особливостями обробки сировини
і заготовок для деталей набірних гребенів з косторізного комплексу з поселення Велика Снітинка 2 (черняхівська культура). Вона доповнює публікацію Б. В. Магомедова 1992 р. і не є републікацією.
Зразки рогових артефактів досліджені візуально, у
тому числі за допомогою лупи.
Вивчення рогових артефактів дозволяє констатувати, що техніка обробки рогу передбачала певну послідовність технологічних операцій.
Обстеження зразків рогових артефактів — від
фрагментів рогу до заготовок і напівфабрикатів,
виявило набір знарядь, доцільних для відповідних
робіт: універсальних і спеціалізованих.
The work presents the results of the author’s observations
on the peculiarities of processing of raw materials
and blanks for details of composite combs from the
settlement of Velyka Snitynka 2 (Chernyakhiv culture,
Fastiv district of Kyiv region). The paper continues
and complements the publication of the bone-carving
complex by B. V. Magomedov (1992). It is not a republication.
The basis of the work is a collection from this
complex containing about 16,500 artifacts from antler,
which is stored in the Museum of Local Lore in Fastiv.
The samples were examined visually, including with a
magnifying glass.
The complete predominance of deer antlers was revealed
in the composition of raw materials. The main
way to obtain raw materials is to collect naturally
discarded antler (38 against 8 specimens taken from
killed animals).
Examination of samples of antler artifacts revealed
traces of tools used by local craftsmen. Traces of universal
tools (ax, adze, knife and utility saw) and specialized
ones (at least two types of saws with small
teeth, possibly special cutting tools, drill for small
holes, possibly patterns for forming the backs of combs)
have been watched. Presence of a heating device in the
building and some processing features indicate that
the antler was heat-treated to soften it.
Saws were used to transverse dissection of the antler.
Functional differences between different types of
saws were not found. Splitting of sawn blanks along
could be done with an ax or a knife-cutter. Traces of
planning of side faces to give the workpiece a rough
primary shape have also been watched.
Different stages of comb making are represented by
blanks (parts of beams), semi-finished products with
untreated rough surface, specimens with characteristic
traces of surface treatment with a cutting tool and
specimens with abrasive-treated surface.
Judging by the ornamentation of the pyramidal pendants,
local craftsmen also used special tools for making
circular circles with a diameter of 3 and 4 mm and
concentric circles with a diameter of 3 and 6 mm.
